2024 MIPS Measure #52: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD): Spirometry Evaluation and Long-Acting Inhaled Bronchodilator Therapy

2024 COLLECTION TYPE:

MIPS Clinical Quality Measures (CQMS)

‌MEASURE TYPE: Process

‌Description

Percentage of patients aged 18 years and older with a diagnosis of COPD with a documented FEV1/FVC < 70% measured by spirometry, who are symptomatic, and were prescribed a long-acting inhaled bronchodilator.

Instructions

This measure is to be submitted a minimum of once per performance period for all COPD patients seen during the performance period. This measure may be submitted by Merit-based Incentive Payment System (MIPS) eligible clinicians who perform the quality actions described in the measure based on the services provided and the measure-specific denominator coding.

This measure will be calculated with two performance rates:

1. Percentage of patients aged 18 years and older with a diagnosis of COPD who have a documented airflow obstruction (FEV1/FVC < 70%) as measured by spirometry.
2. Percentage of patients aged 18 years and older with a diagnosis of COPD who have documented airflow obstruction (FEV1/FVC < 70%) and are symptomatic, who were prescribed a long acting inhaled bronchodilator.

‌Submission of the two performance rates is required for this measure. A simple average, which is the sum of the performance rates divided by the number of the performance rates will be used to calculate performance.

Measure Submission Type:

Measure data may be submitted by individual MIPS eligible clinicians, groups, or third-party intermediaries. The listed denominator criteria are used to identify the intended patient population. The numerator options included in this specification are used to submit the quality actions as allowed by the measure. The quality data codes listed do not need to be submitted by MIPS eligible clinicians, groups, or third-party intermediaries that utilize this modality for submissions; however, these codes may be submitted for those third-party intermediaries that utilize Medicare Part B claims data. For more information regarding Application Programming Interface (API), please refer to the Quality Payment Program (QPP) website.

There are two submission criteria for this measure:

1. Patients diagnosed with COPD who have documented airflow obstruction (FEV1/FVC < 70%) as measured by spirometry in the medical record.
2. Patients diagnosed with COPD who have documented airflow obstruction (FEV1/FVC < 70%) and are symptomatic, who were prescribed a long acting bronchodilator.

This measure contains two submission criteria which together ensure that the proper evaluation and treatment is provided for patients with COPD and that patients without COPD are not provided inappropriate therapy. Submission Criteria 1 evaluates whether spirometry was performed for patients diagnosed with COPD and results confirming airflow obstruction are documented. Submission Criteria 2 evaluates whether a long-acting inhaled bronchodilator was prescribed for COPD patients who have symptoms.

Denominator (Submission Criteria 1):

All patients aged 18 and older with a diagnosis of COPD

Denominator Criteria (Eligible Cases):

Patients aged ≥ 18 years on date of encounter

AND

Diagnosis for COPD (ICD-10-CM): J41.0, J41.1, J41.8, J42, J43.0, J43.1, J43.2, J43.8, J43.9, J44.0, J44.1, J44.89, J44.9

AND

Patient encounter during the performance period (CPT): 99202, 99203, 99204, 99205, 99212, 99213, 99214, 99215, 99424, 99426

WITHOUT

Telehealth Modifier (including but not limited to): GQ, GT, 95, POS 02, POS 10

‌Numerator (Submission Criteria 1):

Patients with documented spirometry and confirmed airflow obstruction (FEV1/FVC < 70%)

Numerator Instructions:

Documentation of spirometry results of (FEV1/FVC < 70%) can take place before the performance period. The intent of Submission Criteria 1 is to ensure accurate diagnosis of COPD in patients with respiratory symptoms such as dyspnea, chronic cough or sputum production, and/or a history of exposure to risk factors for the disease is appropriate by having documentation of spirometry results of FEV1/FVC < 70%, which is required to make the COPD diagnosis.

NUMERATOR NOTE: Denominator Exception(s) are determined on the date of the denominator eligible encounter. If there is a diagnosis of COPD, but there is no documented spirometry within five years of the date of the encounter, and the current spirometry result is ≥ 70%, an exception may be reported.

Numerator Options:

Performance Met: Spirometry results with confirmed airflow obstruction (FEV1/FVC < 70%) documented and reviewed (M1214)

OR

Denominator Exception: Documentation of medical reason(s) for not documenting and reviewing spirometry results (e.g., patients with dementia or tracheostomy) (M1215)

OR

Denominator Exception: No history of spirometry results with confirmed airflow obstruction (FEV1/FVC < 70%) and present spirometry is ≥ 70% (M1213)

OR

Denominator Exception: Documentation of system reason(s) for not documenting and reviewing spirometry results (e.g., spirometry equipment not available at the time of the encounter) (M1217)

OR

Performance Not Met: No spirometry results with confirmed airflow obstruction (FEV1/FVC< 70%) documented and/or no spirometry performed with results documented during the encounter (M1216)

Denominator (Submission Criteria 2):

All patients aged 18 years and older with a diagnosis of COPD with spirometry results documented (FEV1/FVC < 70%), and have symptoms (e.g., dyspnea, cough/sputum, wheezing)

Denominator Criteria (Eligible Cases):

Patients aged ≥ 18 years on date of encounter

AND

Diagnosis for COPD (ICD-10-CM): J41.0, J41.1, J41.8, J42, J43.0, J43.1, J43.2, J43.8, J43.9, J44.0, J44.1, J44.89, J44.9

AND

Patient encounter during the performance period (CPT): 99202, 99203, 99204, 99205, 99212, 99213, 99214, 99215, 99424, 99426

WITHOUT

Telehealth Modifier (including but not limited to): GQ, GT, 95, POS 02, POS 10

AND

Spirometry results documented (FEV1/FVC < 70%): G8924

AND

‌Patient has COPD symptoms (e.g., dyspnea, cough/sputum, wheezing): M1218

‌Numerator (Submission Criteria 2):

Symptomatic COPD patients who were prescribed a long-acting inhaled bronchodilator

Definition:

Prescribed – Includes patients who were “prescribed” medication at an encounter during the performance period, even if the prescription for that medication was ordered prior to the encounter.

NUMERATOR NOTE: Denominator Exception(s) are determined on the date of the denominator eligible encounter.

Numerator Options:

Performance Met: Long-acting inhaled bronchodilator prescribed (G9695)

OR

Denominator Exception: Documentation of medical reason(s) for not prescribing a long-acting inhaled bronchodilator (e.g., patient intolerance or history of side effects) (G9696)

OR

Denominator Exception: Documentation of system reason(s) for not prescribing a long-acting inhaled bronchodilator (e.g., cost of treatment or lack of insurance) (G9698)

OR

‌Performance Not Met: Long-acting inhaled bronchodilator not prescribed, reason not otherwise specified (G9699)